One intriguing question is that if better observational techniques can be established will this motor strategy be shown to be more common than ever imagined and involved in important biological activities. Though this enzyme might be one of the most common in nature, since ATP is ubiquitous, other motor-like enzymes or motors are virtually unknown in the chemistry of organisms, except for a motor-like assembly that rotates the flagella of some bacteria. There is now a very great need to understand this enzyme motor in more detail as well as the total system within which it works. Some bacteria actually use this capability to transport nutrients. This two-motor-like molecule, which has great likeness to an actual macroscopic motor, can also be run in reverse while changing ATP to ADP and flowing protons in the opposite direction. A connecting shaft causes the upper motor (F1) to rotate While synthesizing ATP. A buildup of protons causes a proton potential difference across a biological membrane this acts as the power source to rotate the lower motor (F0) of ATP synthase. The hydrogens are burnt in mitochondria through respiration with pumping out hydrogen ions (protons) from mitochondria. The energy source is food which supplies hydrogen while discarding carbon as carbon dioxide. Through the accumulated investigations, ATP synthase is now being pictured as acting like two motors connected by a common rotary shaft. This was recently achieved by Yoshida, who attached a very long (1-3 micrometers) actin filament with a fluorescent marker to the upper motor (10 nanometer diameter) and actually made a video of the rotation. Walker through an X-ray crystallographic analysis. Rotation is not the only significant aspect, since it was also predicted that the catalysis functions like a motor with two driving units and a common shaft. An analysis of the enzyme structure by Masasuke Yoshida led to a prediction by Paul Boyer that it actually rotates while converting ADP to ATP and storing energy. Naturally, since this process is essential for the functioning of any organism, ATP synthase has been major research subjects for many years. The dominant strategy involves a molecule called ATP, which is synthesized from ADP and phosphate through the enzymatic action of a special protein (ATP synthase). One amazing example is the way energy is stored and transported in every cell of every organism. Through the activity of evolution, guided by natural selection, nature has produced a wide variety of organisms, organs and chemical systems. (Professor, Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology)
0 Comments
Leave a Reply.AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |